By Their Fruits Ye Shall Know Them

David Stewart, Jr.

 

Introduction

            Today, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, also known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, has emerged as a major world faith.  The LDS Church is engaged in extensive humanitarian work, and allocates more money to welfare and humanitarian causes relative to its overall membership than any other major denomination.  The Book of Mormon has helped millions to gain a personal relationship with Jesus Christ and has strengthened faith in the Bible.   Yet from their earliest beginnings, Latter-day Saint Christians have been marginalized and persecuted by almost all of the major Christian denominations.  The Christian apologetics industry, funded and subsidized by many nominally Christian churches, employs many full-time critics commissioned to discredit Latter-day Saint beliefs by any means possible.

            This article will examine how these faiths do at promoting scripture-based beliefs and Christian lifestyles among their own members.  The purpose of this article is not to condemn any other faith, but to restore much-needed perspective on how other faiths measured up when their own professed standards are applied to them.

 

Biblical Christianity?

            Surveys of both the members and the ministers of so-called "traditional" Christian faiths consistently demonstrate striking discrepancies between the widespread beliefs and behaviors of these groups, biblical standards, and official church teachings.

            Both the Bible and Book of Mormon teach clearly that Christ led a sinless life.  Yet George Barna, perhaps the most respected Christian researcher in the United States, reported in 2001 that only 28% of Episcopalians, 33% of Catholics, Lutherans, and Methodists, 45% of Adventists, and 55% of Baptists surveyed believe that Christ was sinless.[1]  He reports that "46% of Hispanics, 43% of whites, and 38% of blacks agree with the idea that 'when He lived on earth, Jesus Christ was human and committed sins, like other people.'"[2] In 1997, Barna reported that 39% of Americans and 35% of born again Christians believe that Jesus Christ was crucified, but that He never had a physical resurrection. 45% of born again Christians, 51% of Baptists, 60% of mainline Protestants, and 68% of Catholics, believe that the devil is non-existent (Barna 2001). 2 These trends are not new.  In 1970, Christianity Today published a survey which found that the virgin birth of Christ is denied by 60 percent of Methodists, 49 percent of Presbyterians, 44 percent of Episcopalians, 34 percent of American Baptists, and 19 percent of American Lutherans.[3]

            Even from a Born-again Evangelical view of the Bible, George Barna research finds that the "biblical purity" of teachings acknowledged by members of the LDS Church is above-average for Christians in general, and significantly higher among Latter-day Saints than Presbyterians, Methodists, Lutherans, Episcopalians, and Catholics. 1  Many of these denominations refuse to recognize Latter-day Saints as Christians.  However, the average Latter-day Saint holds more “orthodox” and “traditional” Christian beliefs than the members of these other faiths, even by their own definitions.

 

Christian Pastors and Ministers

            This is not purely a problem of poor "followership."  The secular trends of Christian ministers are similar to -- and sometimes worse than -- the trends of the lay membership.  Sociologist Jeffrey Hadden reported a survey of ten thousand mainline Protestant pastors in the May 1982 issue of Christ for the Nations magazine.  When asked if Jesus Christ was born of a virgin, over 50% of pastors said "no."  To the question "Was Jesus the Son of God?," over 80% of ministers replied "no."  Is the Bible the inspired word of God? Over 80 percent said "No."  Over 36% responded that they did not believe in the physical resurrection of Jesus Christ.  Similarly, the magazine Pulpit Helps reported a survey of 7,441 Protestant pastors.5  51 percent of the Methodists, 35 percent of the Presbyterians, 30 percent of the Episcopalians, and 33 percent of the American Baptists did not believe in the physical resurrection of Jesus from the dead.

            J. Kincaid Smith tells of his experience in Lutheran seminary: "When I graduated in 1973, to the best of my knowledge, none of my classmates, nor I, believed in any of the miraculous element in the Bible, in anything supernatural, no 6 day creation, that Adam and Eve were real historical people, that God really spoke to people, the flood with Noah and the Ark, the Red Sea parting. We believed that no Old Testament Scriptures foretold of Jesus of Nazareth, that Jesus was not anticipated in the Old Testament. No virgin birth."[4]  Anglican Bishop David Jenkins, who represents the views of many Anglican ministers, states: "As for the virgin birth, they're the sort of stories that get told after you already believe somebody is very important. You don't have to believe in the virgin birth."[5]

            Bishop James Thomas stated at the United Methodist Church Quadrennial General Conference in 1976: "We do not believe ... in rigid doctrinal concepts to hold us steady in a wavering world."  A survey published in 1968 at Washington University by sociologist Jeffry Hadden reported that 60% of Methodist clergy do not believe in the virgin birth, and over 50% do not believe in the physical resurrection of Jesus Christ.[6]  82% do not believe that the Bible is the perfect word of God, and 30% do not believe Trinitarian teachings that Jesus and God the Father are the same being.  When a large proportion of clergy do not believe biblical teachings or the tenets of their own faith, one might wonder how effectively they can inspire others to hold to God’s word for guidance in a troubled world. 

 

Moral Decision-Making

The concerning theological situation in major Christian faiths is reflected in moral decision-making.  Only 16% of Catholics, 25% of mainline Protestants, and 40% of born again adults rely on Bible or church teachings as their main source of moral guidance.[7]  George Barna noted: "When asked the basis on which they form their moral choices, nearly half of all adults (44%) cited their desire to do whatever will bring them the most pleasing or satisfying results. Roughly one-sixth of the adult public (17%) bases its moral decisions on what they believe will make other people happy or minimize interpersonal conflict. The same percentage (17%) credits the values they were taught by their family as the dominant influence on their moral considerations. About one out of four adults (24%) lean primarily upon religious principles and teaching or Bible content when making moral decisions.”[8]  He continued: “among all adults, only 22 percent believed in moral absolutes, while 64 percent thought truth was always relative to the person concerned and their situation.  Among those interviewed that were identified as being born again, just 32 percent believed in moral absolutes...Among the teens...eighty-three percent of all teens thought moral truth depended on the circumstances, with just 6 percent believing in absolute truth."

The rejection of basic Biblical standards by many professing Christians inevitably influences conduct.  Among Christians who claimed to have donated ten percent or more of their income to churches or ministries within the past year, an actual examination of their finances demonstrated that two-thirds of those individuals were lying.[9]  40% of adults and 20% of born again Christians had viewed pornography within the past seven days.  58% of all adults, 54% of mainline Christians, 42% of weekly church attenders, and 36% of born again Christians believe that premarital co-habitation is morally acceptable. George Barna stated: “while Christians are exhorted to not engage in behaviors such as gambling or filling their minds with inappropriate sexual images through pornography, millions do so on a regular basis. While some of that behavior is perhaps outright disobedience to God's commands, much of it may be naïve ignorance of what the Bible calls for and how we are to translate its principles into daily living."[10]

 

Faith, Works, and Salvation

            Lay Christians reject some non-Biblical teachings of their own faiths inconsistent with divine justice.  Only 9% of Catholics, 27% of Lutherans, 43% of Baptists, and 30% of all adults believe traditional non-Biblical evangelical tenet that good works are not important for salvation.  Latter-day Saints know from both the Bible and the Book of Mormon that we are saved through Christ’s grace, on conditions of repentance and obedience. However, critics attack Latter-day Saints for this mainstream belief in the importance of both faith and works.  Jesus Christ repeatedly instructed that it is necessary not just to profess belief, but to obey God’s commandments to enter heaven: “Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven” (Matthew 7:21).

 

Inerrancy of the Bible

            In spite of non-Biblical teachings that the Bible is complete and inerrant, Christian researcher George Barna reports that only 22% Episcopalians, 26% of Catholics, 34% of Lutherans, 38% of Methodists, and 40% of Presbyterians in the United States believe that the Bible is totally accurate.[11]

            Protestant pastor Gary Amirault wrote, “If you say, 'I believe in the Bible,' then you are faced with the question of 'which Bible?'...Nearly all Christian Bibles rely on the Jewish Masoretic Hebrew text for translating the Old Testament into current languages. How was it possible for the translators to produce an 'inerrant' Bible, when the 'guardians of the so called 'inerrant' Hebrew text', did not know the meaning of many words and passages? Unfortunately, the problem does not lie with the Jews lack of understanding of their own language, but with a false doctrine perpetuated by fundamentalists for many years, the doctrine of Biblical Inerrancy. This doctrine has caused Christian leaders to have to outright lie to maintain their position…They say the 66 books of the present King James Bible are inerrant, but they don't tell you it lacks 14 entire books which were in the original King James of 1611. They don't tell you the King James Bible has been changed many times in the last 350 years and there have been thousands of corrections!”[12],[13]

            Methodist minister David M. Chapman wrote: "While sola scriptura remains an important safeguard against unwarranted additions to Christian faith, it has the unfortunate effect of obscuring the development in doctrine that took place in the patristic Church as the Fathers wrestled with the far-ranging consequences for Christian doctrine of the foundational affirmation of faith-Jesus is Lord. As any theology undergraduate knows, the doctrine of the Trinity settled upon at the Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon in 451 is nowhere explicitly contained in the New Testament. Contrary to Luther’s intention, if followed rigorously sola scripture would exclude even the doctrine of the Trinity from authentic Christian faith."[14]   If one must accept the doctrine of Trinity to be considered a Christian, as many non-LDS Christian faiths insist, and the Bible is complete and inerrant, one might wonder why the doctrine of Trinity is not found in the Bible.

            Critics claim that Latter-day Saints, who accept Jesus Christ as their personal Savior and  believe in the Bible, are not Christians because they do not accept non-biblical creeds.  Yet at the same time, it is not unusual for someone to become a Christian minister without even believing in the Bible.

            Latter-day Saints believe that the Bible is the word of God, to the extent that it is translated correctly.[15] This puts Latter-day Saints in a much stronger position than churches that claim absolute biblical inerrancy while many of their own members reject historically and logically untenable claims.  Book of Mormon testifies to the truth of the Bible (1 Nephi 13:40), and Latter-day Saints study the Bible and love its teachings.  When we examine the deep confusion over even the most basic doctrinal points in many Christian faiths, as well as discrepancies between Biblical teachings and actual lifestyle, one wonders how “mainline” Christianity has strayed so far from the Bible.

 

A Sure Foundation

            The Apostle Paul described those who lack the "rigid doctrinal concepts" of eternal truths expressed in holy scripture as “children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, and cunning craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive" (Ephesians 4:14).  The Savior taught: “And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand: And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell: and great was the fall of it” (Matthew 7:26-27). 

            The Book of Mormon prophesies that in our day, many churches will "deny the Holy Ghost, which giveth utterance" (2 Nephi 28:4).  Barna research shows that a majority (52%) of all born-again Christians reject the existence of the Holy Spirit.2 One wonders how these churches can claim to be “Bible-based” when the majority of their adherents deny basic scriptural truths.  The prophet Nephi testified of the apostasy among his own people: “there were many churches which professed to know the Christ, and yet they did deny the more parts of his gospel” (4 Nephi 1:27).  Nephi’s description seems to aptly describe the state of much of the Christian world today.  We might be inclined to wonder, as the Book of Mormon prophet Jacob, “how is it possible that these, after having rejected the sure foundation, can ever build upon it, that it may become the head of their corner?” (Jacob 4:17)  Christ's true church is built upon the rock of revelation and not on the teachings of men. 

 

Belief and Lifestyle

            In a study released on July 9, 2001, George Barna reports that 95% of Latter-day Saints, 90% of Protestants, and 88% of Catholics report praying to God over the past week. 13 Of U.S. citizens identifying themselves as Latter-day Saints, 67% state that they read the Bible, 62% attend Sunday School (compared to just 16% of all U.S. adults), 27% are involved in Church-related small groups.  40% were involved in Church-related service over the prior week, compared to 16% of U.S. adults.[16] 71% of those identifying themselves as Latter-day Saints stated that they attended church within the past week.

            Top and Chadwick report that 10% of male senior LDS seminary students and 17% of female senior seminary students in the United States report having premarital relations.  In comparison, 77% of male and 66% of female high school students nationwide, the large majority of which are Christians, report having premarital relations.[17],[18] 24% of male LDS senior seminary students reported having smoked cigarettes.  LDS youth were much less likely than non-LDS youth to have ever been drunk: 17% and 12% of LDS boys and girls, respectively, compared to 63% and 59% of their non-LDS counterparts.   While there is still much room for improvement, these statistics demonstrate that LDS teachings provide a solid moral foundation in an increasingly secular nation.

 

Education and Faith

            George Barna found that adults under the age of 35, people with college degrees and above average household income levels, and individuals attending large churches were found to be more likely to deviate from traditional Christian teachings and values.9  Increasing education is almost proverbially associated with secularism and skepticism of Protestant Christianity.  The opposite is true of Latter-day Saints, who experience higher church activity rates among both men and women as their level of education rises.[19] Some teachings of sectarian Christian churches may be difficult or impossible for many educated individuals to reconcile with their own experience and observed fact, while Latter-day Saint teachings withstand scrutiny and speak through the Holy Spirit to the mind and heart.

 

Christians by Faith and Conduct

            In his article “Ten Things Christians can learn from the Mormons,” professional anti-Mormon Eric Johnson acknowledges that Latter-day Saints are well-known for their high moral code, chastity, honesty, observance of the Sabbath Day, emphasis on family life, generosity, and care for the poor.[20]  He rationalizes his ongoing efforts to attack the LDS Church by stating: “the Bible is very clear that a false view of God, Jesus, scripture, and salvation cannot be overwritten merely by a positive lifestyle.”  Yet studies repeatedly suggest that “false views of God, Jesus, scripture, and salvation” are much more common among non-LDS Christians than among Latter-day Saints, even when measured by their own standards.

            It may seem odd that some churches claim that Latter-day Saints -- who overwhelmingly accept the divinity of Jesus Christ, and live Christ's commandments in daily life -- are not Christians, when Latter-day Saint performance in these areas consistently exceeds that of many other faiths securely labeled as part of "mainline" Christianity.  The honest inquirer is led to wonder how many of those who judge Latter-day Saints harshly would measure up if their own practices and beliefs were judged by scriptural standards.  One might also ask whether a correct view of God, Jesus, and scripture cannot be overwritten by a bad lifestyle.  “Merely” achieving the “positive lifestyle” of righteous living is not a peripheral concern as Johnson implies, but a central goal of religious teaching.  The gospel message proclaims: “Bring forth therefore fruits meet for repentance ... the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: therefore every tree which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire” (Matthew 3:8-10).  Christ taught that Christianity is not just a creed, but a lifestyle: “And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say?” (Luke 6:46) 

            The Savior taught that truth is established not by lengthy doctrinal disputations, but that “ye shall know them by their fruits” (Matthew 7:16).  He stated, “Why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother’s eye, but perceivest not the beam that is in thine own eye? Either how canst thou say to thy brother, Brother, let me pull out the mote that is in thine eye, when thou thyself beholdest not the beam that is in thine own eye? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye, and then shalt thou see clearly to pull out the mote that is in thy brother’s eye. For a good tree bringeth not forth corrupt fruit; neither doth a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.  For every tree is known by his own fruit. For of thorns men do not gather figs, nor of a bramble bush gather they grapes (Luke 6:41-44).

 

Marginalization and Persecution

            In recounting his miraculous visitation by Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father that led to the translation of the Book of Mormon and the restoration of the Church of Jesus Christ, the prophet Joseph Smith stated: "My telling the story had excited a great deal of prejudice against me among professors of religion, and was the cause of great persecution, which continued to increase; and though I was an obscure boy, only between fourteen and fifteen years of age, and my circumstances in life such as to make a boy of no consequence in the world, yet men of high standing would take notice sufficient to excite the public mind against me, and create a bitter persecution; and this was common among all the sects--all united to persecute me."[21]  Joseph Smith noted that he was “persecuted by those who ought to have been my friends and to have treated me kindly, and if they supposed me to be deluded to have endeavored in a proper and affectionate manner to have reclaimed me.”[22]  Where individuals have honest differences of opinion on religious matters, they ought to express these differences in a charitable fashion, rather than through persecutory or fear-mongering tactics.  It is apparent to the honest in heart that non-LDS Christian faiths have enough glaring spiritual deficiencies to require the best efforts and dedicated attention of both clergy and laity to remove the beam in their own eyes, rather than attempting to pick motes from a neighbor’s eye.  The Book of Mormon teaches that “God has said that the inward vessel shall be cleansed first, and then shall the outer vessel be cleansed also” (Alma 60:23).

            One need not expect that ongoing attempts of nominally Christian groups to marginalize or attack Latter-day Saints will slow down anytime soon.  We expect that they will continue.  The Savior taught: “I have given them thy word; and the world hath hated them, because they are not of the world, even as I am not of the world” (John 17:14).  The apostle Paul taught: “all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution” (2 Timothy 3:12).

 

Christ’s Church Today

            Latter-day Saints are secure in the knowledge that Jesus Christ is the son of God, that he lived a perfect and sinless life, and that He died and was resurrected on the third day. Latter-day Saints know that salvation comes only through the atonement of the Savior Jesus Christ.  The Bible and Book of Mormon provide enduring moral principles and spiritual truths that can help all people draw nearer to God in a changing world. 

While Latter-day Saints are not perfect, they are earnestly striving to emulate the example of the Savior and apply His teachings.  The fruits of the restored Gospel of Jesus Christ testify to its truthfulness, and all are invited to come and see.



[1] Barna, George.  “Religious Beliefs Vary Widely By Denomination.”  Barna Research Group.   25 June 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=92&Reference=B

[2] Barna, George.  “Beliefs: Trinity, Satan.”  Barna Research 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PageCategory.asp?CategoryID=6

[3] Christianity Today.  11 September 1970.

[4] Cloud, David.  “Way of Life Encyclopedia of the Bible & Christianity.”   Way of Life Publishers.  560 p. 1993.

[5] Cloud, David.  “Way of Life Encyclopedia of the Bible & Christianity.”   Way of Life Publishers.  560 p. 1993.

[6] Hadden, Jeffrey.  1968 University of Washington study.

[7] Barna, George.  “Americans Are Most Likely to Base Truth on Feelings.”  Barna Research Group.  12 February 2002.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=106&Reference=C

[8] Barna, George.  “Practical Outcomes Replace Biblical Principles As the Moral Standard.”  10 September 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=97&Reference=F

[9] Barna, George.  “Practical Outcomes Replace Biblical Principles As the Moral Standard.”  10 September 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=97&Reference=F

[10] Barna, George.  “Survey Shows Faith Impacts Some Behaviors But Not Others.”  22 October 2002.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=123&Reference=B

[11] Barna, George.  “Religious Beliefs Vary Widely By Denomination.”  Barna Research Group.   25 June 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-

[12] Amirault, Gary.  "The Myth of the Inerrant Bible."  http://www.tentmaker.org/lists/BibleStudyTips.html

[13] Amirault, Gary.  "Bible Translations that do not teach Eternal Torment."  http://www.tentmaker.org/books/GatesOfHell.html

[14] Chapman, David M. "Rest and Light Perpetual: Prayer for the Departed in the Communion of Saints." One in Christ 34 (1998): 39-49.

[15] Articles of Faith, number 8.

[16] Barna, George.  “Protestants, Catholics and Mormons Reflect Diverse Levels of Religious Activity.”  9 July 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=93&Reference=B

[17] Barna, George.  “Religious Beliefs Vary Widely By Denomination.”  Barna Research Group.   25 June 2001.  http://www.barna.org/cgi-bin/PagePressRelease.asp?PressReleaseID=92&Reference=B

[18] Top, Brent L, and Bruce A. Chadwick. “Helping Teens Stay Strong.” Ensign.  March. 1999, p. 27.

[19] Albrecht, Stan, and Timothy B. Heaton. "Secularization, Higher Education, and

Religiosity". In Latter-day Saint Social Life: Social Research on the LDS

Church and its Members, ed. James T. Duke (Provo, Utah: Religious Studies

Center, 1998), p. 306-07.

[20] Johnson, Eric.  10 Things Christians Can Learn from the Mormons.  http://www.mrm.org/articles/10-things.html

[21] Smith, Joseph.  Testimony of the Prophet Joseph Smith.

[22] Smith, Joseph.  Testimony of the Prophet Joseph Smith.